 Practical Highway Design SolutionsMarch 15, 2013 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 443: Practical Highway Design Solutions presents information on the application of practical design approaches in roadway project development. Practical design is the default term used in the report to describe approaches or in...
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 High Performance Concrete Specifications and Practices for BridgesApril 11, 2013 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 441: High Performance Concrete Specifications and Practices for Bridges documents the types of specifications and practices used by state transportation agencies to produce high performance concrete for bridges. The report...
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 Performance-Based Seismic Bridge DesignMarch 28, 2013 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 440, Performance-Based Seismic Bridge Design (PBSD) summarizes the current state of knowledge and practice for PBSD. PBSD is the process that links decision making for facility design with seismic input, facility response, and ...
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 Expedited Procurement Procedures for Emergency Construction ServicesNovember 20, 2012 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 438: Expedited Procurement Procedures for Emergency Construction Services explores procurement procedures being utilized by state departments of transportation in coordination with federal agencies to repair and reopen roadways...
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 Assessing the Long-Term Performance of Mechanically Stabilized Earth WallsSeptember 6, 2012 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 437: Assessing the Long-Term Performance of Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls explores methods to assess the long-term performance of mechanically stabilized earth walls. For the purposes of the report, "long-term" denotes th...
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 Local Policies and Practices That Support Safe Pedestrian EnvironmentsAugust 8, 2012 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 436: Local Policies and Practices That Support Safe Pedestrian Environments documents various tools and strategies used by municipalities to improve the safety, convenience, and accessibility of the pedestrian experience.
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 Significant Findings from Full-Scale Accelerated Pavement TestingNovember 5, 2012 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 433: Significant Findings from Full-Scale Accelerated Pavement Testing documents and summarizes significant findings from the various experimental activities associated with full-scale accelerated pavement testing (f-sAPT) prog...
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 Recent Roadway Geometric Design Research for Improved Safety and OperationsApril 19, 2012 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 432: Recent Roadway Geometric Design Research for Improved Safety and Operations reviews and summarizes roadway geometric design literature completed and published from 2001 through early 2011, particularly research that i...
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 Practices to Manage Traffic Sign RetroreflectivityApril 27, 2012 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 431: Practices to Manage Traffic Sign Retroreflectivity includes examples of practices that illustrate how different types of transportation agencies might meet federal retroreflectivity requirements for traffic signs.
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 Cost-Effective and Sustainable Road Slope Stabilization and Erosion ControlJune 13, 2012 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 430: Cost-Effective and Sustainable Road Slope Stabilization and Erosion Control presents information on cost-effective and sustainable road slope stabilization techniques, with a focus on shallow or near-surface slope stabiliz...
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 Geotechnical Information Practices in Design-Build ProjectsMay 14, 2012 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 429: Geotechnical Information Practices in Design-Build Projects addresses how states use geotechnical information in solicitation documents and contracts for design-build highway projects. The report examines current practices...
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 Extent of Highway Capacity Manual Use in PlanningApril 11, 2012 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 427: Extent of Highway Capacity Manual Use in Planning assesses how state departments of transportation, small and large metropolitan planning organizations, and local governments are using or might use the Highway Capacity Man...
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 Performance-Based Highway Maintenance and Operations ManagementJune 6, 2012 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 426: Performance-Based Highway Maintenance and Operations Management explores performance-based management practices that are applied by state departments of transportation (DOTs) in highway maintenance and operations.
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 Waterproofing Membranes for Concrete Bridge DecksMarch 30, 2012 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 425: Waterproofing Membranes for Concrete Bridge Decks documents information on materials, specification requirements, design details, application methods, system performance, and costs of waterproofing membranes used on new an...
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 Engineering Economic Analysis Practices for Highway InvestmentMay 10, 2012 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 424: Engineering Economic Analysis Practices for Highway Investment explores how U.S. transportation agencies have applied engineering economics--benefit–cost analyses and similar procedures--to decisions on highway investments.
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 Long-Term Performance of Polymer Concrete for Bridge DecksJanuary 20, 2012 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 423: Long-Term Performance of Polymer Concrete for Bridge Decks addresses a number of topics related to thin polymer overlays (TPOs). Those topics include previous research, specifications, and procedures on TPOs; performance o...
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 Trade-Off Considerations in Highway Geometric DesignOctober 17, 2011 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 422: Trade-Off Considerations in Highway Geometric Design describes the processes that transportation agencies currently use to evaluate geometric design trade-offs between competing interests. The report also highlights existi...
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 Recycling and Reclamation of Asphalt Pavements Using In-Place MethodsSeptember 1, 2011 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 421: Recycling and Reclamation of Asphalt Pavements Using In-Place Methods discusses the use of hot in-place recycling, cold in-place recycling, and full-depth reclamation of asphalt pavements. In-place recycling and reclamatio...
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 Transportation Improvement Program Revision ProcessJuly 15, 2011 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 419: Transportation Improvement Program Revision Process compiles and documents the different ways that metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) approach revising a Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) once it has been ad...
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 Developing Production Pile Driving Criteria from Test Pile DataAugust 22, 2011 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 418: Developing Production Pile Driving Criteria from Test Pile Data provides information on the current practices used by state transportation agencies to develop pile driving criteria, with special attention paid to the use o...
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 Geometric Design Practices for Resurfacing, Restoration, and RehabilitationJuly 13, 2011 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 417: Geometric Design Practices for Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation documents the current state-of-the-practice related to nonfreeway resurfacing, restoration, and rehabilitation projects. Appendix G, Summary of Go...
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 Design Fires in Road TunnelsAugust 10, 2011 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 415: Design Fires in Road Tunnels information on the state of the practice of design fires in road tunnels, focusing on tunnel fire dynamics and the means of fire management for design guidance. Note: On September 20, 201...
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 Effective Delivery of Small-Scale Federal-Aid ProjectsMay 16, 2011 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 414: Effective Delivery of Small-Scale Federal-Aid Projects examines streamlined methods for meeting federal funding requirements for small-scale highway projects. The report explores ways that state departments of transportati...
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 Techniques for Effective Highway Construction Projects in Congested Urban AreasFebruary 18, 2011 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 413: Techniques for Effective Highway Construction Projects in Congested Urban Areas explores a diverse set of techniques designed to address highway construction challenges in congested urban areas such as high-traffic volumes...
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 Speed Reduction Techniques for Rural High-to-Low Speed TransitionsApril 20, 2011 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 412: Speed Reduction Techniques for Rural High-to-Low Speed Transitions explores techniques for lowering traffic speeds in rural transition zones. Transition zones are those portions of high-speed roads that have lower posted s...
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 MicrosurfacingDecember 24, 2010 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 411: Microsurfacing explores highway microsurfacing project selection, design, contracting, equipment, construction, and performance measurement processes used by transportation agencies in the United States and Canada. Microsu...
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 Freight Transportation SurveysMarch 21, 2011 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 410: Freight Transportation Surveys profiles the state of the practice in methods and techniques used to survey and collect data on freight transportation. The report also examines issues, identifies gaps in knowledge, and note...
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 Traffic Signal Retiming Practices in the United StatesNovember 25, 2010 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 409: Traffic Signal Retiming Practices in the United States explores practices that operating agencies currently use to revise traffic signal timing. The report examines the processes used to develop, install, verify, fine-tune...
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 Pavement Marking Warranty SpecificationsOctober 26, 2010 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 408: Pavement Marking Warranty Specifications presents information on the use of pavement marking warranties by United States and Canadian transportation agencies, including agency specifications. European experience is al...
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 Effective Public Involvement Using Limited ResourcesSeptember 1, 2010 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 407: Effective Public Involvement Using Limited Resources explores information about staff and agency experiences in the application of successful and cost-effective strategies and implementation techniques used to engage the p...
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 Advanced Practices in Travel ForecastingJune 25, 2010 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 406: Advanced Practices in Travel Forecasting explores the use of travel modeling and forecasting tools that could represent a significant advance over the current state of practice. The report examines five types of models: ac...
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 Utility Location and Highway DesignMay 19, 2010 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 405: Utility Location and Highway Design explores current practices in use by transportation agencies for consideration of utilities during the project development process, including where in the process the utility impacts are...
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 State of the Practice in Highway Access ManagementSeptember 17, 2010 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 404: State of the Practice in Highway Access Management examines current practice, potential barriers, and possible enhancements to highway access management programs. The report focuses on legal, legislative, policy, program, ...
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 Adaptive Traffic Control Systems: Domestic and Foreign State of PracticeApril 14, 2010 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 403: Adaptive Traffic Control Systems: Domestic and Foreign State of Practice explores the state of practice of adaptive traffic control systems (ATCSs), also known as real-time traffic control systems, which adjust, in real ti...
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 Construction Manager-at-Risk Project Delivery for Highway ProgramsFebruary 19, 2010 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 402: Construction Manager-at-Risk Project Delivery for Highway Programs explores current methods in which state departments of transportation and other public engineering agencies are applying construction manager-at-risk (CMR)...
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 Quality Management of Pavement Condition Data CollectionDecember 7, 2009 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 401: Quality Management of Pavement Condition Data Collection explores the quality management practices being employed by public highway agencies for automated, semi-automated, and manual pavement data collection and delivery.
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 New Approaches to Ecological SurveysJanuary 7, 2010 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 400: New Approaches to Ecological Surveys explores ecological survey needs related to transportation activities and examines technologies, techniques, and innovative methods to fulfill those needs.
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 Real-Time Traveler Information Systems July 14, 2009 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 399: Real-Time Traveler Information Systems explores the needs and expectations of travelers, the current status of a variety of traveler information systems in the United States, available and emerging data sources, and busine...
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 Bridge Management Systems for Transportation Agency Decision Making August 6, 2009 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 397: Bridge Manangement Systems for Transportation Agency Decision Making explores how bridge management systems are employed by transportation agencies in making network-level decisions on resource allocations for their bridge...
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 Monitoring Scour Critical BridgesJanuary 26, 2010 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 396: Monitoring Scour Critical Bridges explores the current state of practice for fixed scour bridge monitoring.
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 Debt Finance Practices for Surface TransportationApril 22, 2009 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 395: Debt Finance Practices for Surface Transportation examines basic principles of debt issuance for public agencies. The report explores issues that may be useful in assisting in decisions on when and how to best use debt fin...
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 Reducing Litter on RoadsidesJune 30, 2009 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 394: Reducing Litter on Roadsides explores the state of the practice in reducing roadside litter as it involves state departments of transportation (DOTs). The report provides information concerning the prevention and removal o...
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 Adjacent Precast Concrete Box Beam Bridges: Connection DetailsApril 6, 2009 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 393: Adjacent Precast Concrete Box Beam Bridges: Connection Details explores current design and construction practices that are reported to reduce the likelihood of longitudinal cracking in box beam bridges.
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 Transportation's Role in Emergency Evacuation and ReentryMarch 30, 2009 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 392: Transportation’s Role in Emergency Evacuation and Reentry explores information on transportation’s role in emergency evacuation and reentry by summarizing aspects of its planning, control, and research a...
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 Public-Sector Decision Making for Public-Private PartnershipsMarch 4, 2009 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 391: Public Sector Decision Making for Public–Private Partnerships examines information designed to evaluate the benefits and risks associated with allowing the private sector to have a greater role in financing an...
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 Performance-Based Construction Contractor PrequalificationMarch 10, 2009 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 390: Performance-Based Construction Contractor Prequalification explores experiences and practices of state transportation agencies associated with performance-based construction contractor prequalification. The re...
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 Performance-Based Contracting for MaintenanceJune 12, 2009 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 389: Performance-Based Contracting for Maintenance explores experience with performance-based maintenance contracting in places where it has been adopted, including such issues as whether it has the potential to reduce costs an...
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 Pre-Overlay Treatment of Existing PavementsApril 15, 2009 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 388: Pre-Overlay Treatment of Existing Pavements explores current pre-overlay treatment practices of state departments of transportation for both hot-mix asphalt and portland cement concrete pavement structures. Th...
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 High-Speed Weigh-in-Motion System Calibration PracticesFebruary 11, 2009 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 386: High-Speed Weigh-in-Motion System Calibration Practices explores the state of the practice in high-speed weigh-in-motion system calibration. Weigh-in-motion is the process of weighing vehicle tires or axles at norma...
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 Information Technology for Efficient Project DeliveryFebruary 18, 2009 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 385: Information Technology for Efficient Project Delivery explores “best practices” for the seamless sharing of information throughout all phases of the project delivery process.
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 Forecasting Metropolitan Commercial and Freight TravelJanuary 16, 2009 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 384: Forecasting Metropolitan Commercial and Freight Travel explores methods of freight and commercial vehicle forecasting currently in professional practice, along with promising methods emerging from ongoing research.&...
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 Changeable Message Sign Displays During Non-Incident, Non-Roadwork PeriodsNovember 13, 2008 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 383: Changeable Message Sign (CMS) Displays During Non-Incident, Non-Roadwork Periods explores the use of CMSs to convey messages on non-recurrent, environmental, special event traffic, and other special problems.
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 Estimating Stiffness of Subgrade and Unbound Materials for Pavement DesignJanuary 6, 2009 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 382: Estimating Stiffness of Subgrade and Unbound Materials for Pavement Design explores the significance of the resilient modulus property, various methods of determining this property of subsoils and unbound bases, and the a...
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 Falling Weight Deflectometer UsageOctober 30, 2008 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 381: Falling Weight Deflectometer Usage examines usage by state departments of transport of the falling weight deflectometer (FWD) to measure pavement deflections in response to a stationary dynamic load, similar to a passing ...
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 Applications of Illuminated, Active, In-Pavement Marker SystemsOctober 9, 2008 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 380: Applications of Illuminated, Active, In-Pavement Marker Systems (IPMs) explores the state of IPM technology, experiences with IPM applications, and potential IPM research needs.
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 State Highway Cost Allocation StudiesSeptember 29, 2008 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 378: State Highway Cost Allocation Studies examines the history and evolution of highway cost allocation study practice and explores the current state of the practice.
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 Compilation of Public Opinion Data on Tolls and Road PricingJune 6, 2008 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 377: Compilation of Public Opinion Data on Tolls and Road Pricing explores how the public feels about tolls and road pricing, examines public opinion concerning charging for the use of roads, and highlights factors associated ...
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 Quality Assurance in Design-Build ProjectsAugust 4, 2008 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 376: Quality Assurance in Design-Build Projects examines how state transportation agencies have successfully approached quality assurance for design-build, including in procurement, design, construction, and post-constru...
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 Bridge Inspection PracticesMarch 14, 2008 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 375: Bridge Inspection Practices examines bridge inspection practices in the United States and selected foreign countries. The report explores inspection personnel (staff titles and functions, qualifications, train...
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 Preserving Freight and Passenger Rail Corridors and ServiceFebruary 16, 2008 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 374: Preserving Freight and Passenger Rail Corridors and Service explores issues associated with the retention of railroad rights-of-way or restoration of rail services.
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 Multi-Disciplinary Teams in Context-Sensitive SolutionsFebruary 14, 2008 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 373: Multi-Disciplinary Teams in Context-Sensitive Solutions explores inclusion of multiple perspectives and disciplines in the decision-making process associated with developing transportation solutions that improve the...
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 Emerging Technologies for Construction DeliveryFebruary 12, 2008 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 372: Emerging Technologies for Construction Delivery explores the use of five emerging technologies for transportation construction projects: global positioning systems for layout, machine guidance, and quantity tracking; hand...
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 Managing Selected Transportation Assets: Signals, Lighting, Signs, Pavement Markings, Culverts, and SidewalksDecember 26, 2007 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 371: Managing Selected Transportation Assets: Signals, Lighting, Signs, Pavement Markings, Culverts, and Sidewalks explores the state of the practice for managing transportation infrastructure assets other than pavements and b...
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Animal-Vehicle Collision Data CollectionNovember 30, 2007 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 370: Animal-Vehicle Collision Data Collection examines the extent to which data from animal–vehicle collision accident reports and animal carcass counts are collected, analyzed, and used throughout the United States and Canada.
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 State DOT Crash Reconstruction PracticesAugust 8, 2007 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 369: State DOT Crash Reconstruction Practices examines the extent of crash reconstruction undertaken by state departments of transportation (DOTs) and the level of expertise available to perform the tasks. In addit...
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 Cone Penetrating TestingNovember 1, 2007 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 368: Cone Penetrating Testing explores the current practices of departments of transportation associated with cone penetration testing (CPT). The report examines cone penetrometer equipment options; field testing p...
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 Technologies for Improving Safety DataAugust 28, 2007 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Syntheses 367: Technologies for Improving Safety Data explores new technologies for the acquisition, processing, and overall management of crash, roadway inventory, and traffic operations data. The report examines the curren...
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 Tribal Transportation ProgramsMay 29, 2007 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 366: Tribal Transportation Programs explores innovations and model practices among tribal transportation programs. The report also examines the history, and legal and administrative evolution, of tribal transportation pr...
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 Estimating Toll Road Demand and RevenueApril 11, 2007 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Syntheses 364: Estimating Toll Road Demand and Revenue examines the state of the practice for forecasting demand and revenues for toll roads in the United States. The report explores the models that are used to forecast the ...
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 Control of Invasive SpeciesFebruary 12, 2007 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 363: Control of Invasive Species explores the extent to which state departments of transportation are identifying actions that affect the spread of invasive species, preventing introduction, tracking status and locations of “i...
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 Training Programs, Processes, Policies, and PracticesJanuary 16, 2007 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 362: Training Programs, Processes, Policies, and Practices examines program components required to have a sound set of policies, processes, and procedures for planning, developing, implementing, funding, and evaluating s...
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 Visualization for Project DevelopmentOctober 31, 2006 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 361: Visualization for Project Development explores the visual representation of proposed alternatives and improvements and their associated effects on the existing surroundings. The report examines the best practi...
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 Rock-Socketed Shafts for Highway Structure FoundationsSeptember 1, 2006 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 360: Rock-Socketed Shafts for Highway Structure Foundations explores current practices pertaining to each step of the design process, along with the limitations; identifies emerging and promising technologies; examines the pri...
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 Bridge Rating Practices and Policies for Overweight VehiclesAugust 11, 2006 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 359: Bridge Rating Practices and Policies for Overweight Vehicles explores overweight vehicle permit processes. The report includes information on state and provincial bridge rating systems, bridge evaluation pract...
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 Statewide Travel Forecasting ModelsAugust 8, 2006 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 358: Statewide Travel Forecasting Models examines statewide travel forecasting models designed to address planning needs and provide forecasts for statewide transportation, including passenger vehicle and freight movements.&nb...
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 Use of Geophysics for Transportation ProjectsMay 16, 2006 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 357: Use of Geophysics for Transportation Projects examines the state of the practice regarding the use of geophysics for transportation projects. The report focuses on who is using geophysics and why, which method...
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 Pavement Markings--Design and Typical Layout DetailsJune 12, 2006 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 356: Pavement Markings—Design and Typical Layout Details identifies variations in pavement marking designs, practices, and policies, as provided by 48 of 50 state departments of transportation, and transportation a...
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 Transportation Technology Transfer: Successes, Challenges, and NeedsMarch 24, 2006 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 355: Transportation Technology Transfer: Successes, Challenges, and Needs explores the use of technology transfer practices in the highway transportation community. The report documents successful practices, discusses ch...
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 Inspection and Management of Bridges with Fracture-Critical DetailsFebruary 16, 2006 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 354: Inspection and Management of Bridges with Fracture-Critical Details explores the inspection and maintenance of bridges with fracture-critical members (FCMs), as defined in the American Association of State Highway and Tra...
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 Inspection and Maintenance of Bridge Stay Cable SystemsFebruary 7, 2006 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 353: Inspection and Maintenance of Bridge Stay Cable Systems identifies and explains various inspection and maintenance techniques for bridge stay cable systems. It discusses both short- and long-term approaches. The report in...
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 Value Engineering Applications in TransportationDecember 19, 2005 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 352: Value Engineering Applications in Transportation examines the current value engineering (VE) practices of highway transportation agencies in the United States and Canada. Value engineering (VE) is the systematic rev...
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 Access RightsNovember 30, 2005 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 351 examines issues involved in acquiring access rights along roadways other than freeways. The report documents the state of the practice with the intent to limit the amount of access to the roadway for the purpose of managin...
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 Crash Records SystemsFebruary 2, 2006 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 350: Crash Records Systems examines crash records systems practices and programs as applied to highway and traffic safety. The report covers crash data collection, crash processing and management, and data linkages for r...
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 Developing Transportation Agency LeadersSeptember 26, 2005 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 349: Developing Transportation Agency Leaders examines practices and innovative approaches that address the development of transportation leadership in today’s work environment. The report covers demographics, recruitmen...
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 Improving the Safety of Older Road UsersOctober 17, 2005 TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 348: Improving the Safety of Older Road Users examines programs and policies in place across the country to improve the safety and mobility of older road users. The report documents a range of strategies and related programs u...
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 Managing Archaeological InvestigationsAugust 22, 2005 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 347: Managing Archaeological Investigations addresses practices that improve archaeological investigations by both streamlining the overall transportation project delivery process and enhancing the stewardship of archaeologica...
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 State Construction Quality Assurance ProgramsJune 28, 2005 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 346: State Construction Quality Assurance Programs examines current quality assurance practices of state and federal departments of transportation with regard to highway materials and construction. The report focuses on the st...
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 Steel Bridge Erection PracticesJune 1, 2005 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 345: Steel Bridge Erection Practices examines steel bridge erection practices for I-girder, tub-girder, and box-girder bridges; particularly curved, skewed, and staged structures. The report focuses on the impact of desi...
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 Winter Highway OperationsJune 13, 2005 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 344: Winter Highway Operations examines changes that occurred between 1994 and 2004 to practices and strategies used to control the impacts of winter weather on the safe and efficient movement of traffic.
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 Chip Seal Best PracticesApril 22, 2005 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 342: Chip Seal Best Practices examines ways to assist in the development and implementation of pavement preservation programs by identifying the benefits of using chip seal as part of a preventive maintenance program and by hi...
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 Integrated Roadside Vegetation ManagementApril 14, 2005 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 341: Integrated Roadside Vegetation Management examines the incorporation of integrated roadside vegetation management decision-making processes into highway project planning, design, construction, and maintenance. The r...
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 Convertible Roadways and LanesFebruary 16, 2005 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 340: Convertible Roadways and Lanes examines the characteristics and operational requirements, costs, and benefits of convertible roadways and lanes.
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 Centerline Rumble StripsApril 5, 2005 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 339: Centerline Rumble Strips (CLRS) examines current design, installation, configuration, dimension, and visibility issues associated with CLRS. The report addresses the need for guidance on warrants, benefits, successf...
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 Thin and Ultra-Thin WhitetoppingFebruary 4, 2005 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 338: Thin and Ultra-Thin Whitetopping summarizes available information to document how state departments of transportation and others are currently using thin and ultra-thin whitetopping overlays among various pavement rehabil...
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 Cooperative Agreements for Corridor ManagementFebruary 15, 2005 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 337: Cooperative Agreements for Corridor Management examines the current state of practice in developing and implementing cooperative agreements for corridor management, elements of such agreements, and successful practices or...
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 Road Safety AuditsDecember 15, 2004 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 336: Road Safety Audits examines the state of the practice of road safety audit (RSA) and road safety audit review applications for U.S. states and Canadian provinces. This synthesis also reviews international RSA practices.&n...
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 Pavement Management Applications Using Geographic Information SystemsDecember 14, 2004 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 335: Pavement Management Applications Using Geographic Information Systems examines the state of the practice and knowledge of pavement management systems (PMS) using geographic information systems (GIS) and other spatial tech...
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 Automated Pavement Distress Collection TechniquesNovember 15, 2004 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 334: Automated Pavement Distress Collection Techniques examines highway community practice and research and development efforts in the automated collection and processing of pavement condition data techniques typically used in...
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 Concrete Bridge Deck PerformanceNovember 12, 2004 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 333: Concrete Bridge Deck Performance examines previous and current design and construction practices designed to improve the performance of bridge decks. Topics covered in this synthesis include factors that contribute to the...
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 Access Management on Crossroads in the Vicinity of InterchangesOctober 19, 2004 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 332: Access Management on Crossroads in the Vicinity of Interchanges examines current practices relating to access location and design on crossroads in the vicinity of interchanges. It identifies standards and strategies used ...
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 Statewide Highway Letting Program ManagementOctober 5, 2004 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 331: Statewide Highway Letting Program Management summarizes available information on statewide highway letting programs, which are defined as a set of highway projects in advanced stages of design that have a target date for ...
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 Public Benefits of Highway System Preservation and MaintenanceAugust 24, 2004 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 330: Public Benefits of Highway System Preservation and Maintenance examines the current practices for identifying, measuring, and articulating the public benefits of highway system maintenance and operation, and of communicat...
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 State Product Evaluation ProgramsAugust 23, 2004 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 328: State Product Evaluation Programs examines the general use of evaluation programs within state departments of transportation (including the use of state specifications, and laboratory and field testing results), the nation...
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 Cost-Effective Practices for Off-System and Local Interest BridgeNovember 19, 2004 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 327: Cost-Effective Practices for Off-System and Local Interest Bridges examines off-system bridge design, construction, maintenance, financing, rehabilitation, and replacement. For this report, 'off-system' refers to those br...
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 Strategic Planning and Decision Making in State Departments of TransportationMay 6, 2004 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 326: Strategic Planning and Decision Making in State Departments of Transportation examines state and provincial transportation departments' experience with strategic planning and synthesizes current approaches to linking strat...
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 Significant Findings from Full-Scale Accelerated Pavement TestingMarch 19, 2004 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 325: Significant Findings from Full-Scale Accelerated Pavement Testing documents and summarizes the findings from the various experimental activities associated with full-scale accelerated pavement testing programs. Errata: Du...
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 Recruiting and Retaining Individuals in State Transportation AgenciesFebruary 11, 2004 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis Report 323: Recruiting and Retaining Individuals in State Transportation Agencies examines various state and Canadian province departments of transportation (DOT)employee recruiting and retention strategies, and highlights thos...
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 Safety Management SystemsFebruary 11, 2004 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis Report 322: Safety Management Systems (SMS) provides an overview of current transportation agency practices, recent literature findings, and reviews of two model state SMS initiatives. According to the report, benefits derived ...
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 Roadway Safety Tools for Local AgenciesFebruary 12, 2004 TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 321: Roadway Safety Tools for Local Agencies examines the safety tools and procedures that are practical and relatively easy to apply, and that can be implemented by agencies with limited financial support and personnel. Recogn...
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 Integrating Freight Facilities and Operations with Community GoalsOctober 13, 2003 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis Report 320: Integrating Freight Facilities and Operations with Community Goals identifies practices that have been or are being used by private-sector freight companies and public transportation agencies in citing their facilit...
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 Bridge Deck Joint PerformanceSeptember 23, 2003 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 319: Bridge Deck Joint Performance presents the state of the practice on commonly used expansion joint systems in bridges by summarizing performance data for each system type and by providing examples of selection criteria and ...
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 Safe and Quick Clearance of Traffic IncidentsSeptember 23, 2003 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 318: Safe and Quick Clearance of Traffic Incidents profiles laws, policies, and procedures for facilitating clearance of traffic incidents, primarily those initially blocking travel lanes and attended to by the vehicle operator...
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 Dealing with Truck Parking DemandsAugust 5, 2003 TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 317: Dealing with Truck Parking Demands identifies successful and innovative strategies that have been implemented by transportation agencies, as well as potential strategies yet to be deployed in order to meet the increasing d...
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 Design Exception PracticesJuly 18, 2003 TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 316: Design Exception Practices describes the range of design exception practices among state transportation agencies, and discusses problems and suggested improvements based on the experience of state agency personnel.
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 Compensation for Contractors' Home Office OverheadJuly 18, 2003 TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 315: Compensation for Contractors' Home Office Overhead examines the approaches used by state departments of transportation to compensate contractors for unabsorbed home office overhead for contract delays and contractor's perc...
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 Strategies for Managing Increasing Truck TrafficJuly 15, 2003 TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 314: Strategies for Managing Increasing Truck Traffic documents recent efforts by transportation organizations that construct, operate, and manage the transportation system and identifies truck-related challenges, planning acti...
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 State DOT Outsourcing and Private-Sector UtilizationJune 10, 2003 The Transportation Research Board's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 313: State DOT Outsourcing and Private-Sector Utilization examines the outsourcing decision-making process and issues associated with procuring and administering outsourced activities. Report Parts...
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 Toward Facilitating Partnerships in Transportation ResearchJune 10, 2003 The Transportation Research Board's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 312: Facilitating Partnerships in Transportation Research examines key factors facilitating transportation research partnerships, and presents approaches for producing synergies beneficial to resea...
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 Performance Measures for Highway Segments and SystemsMay 28, 2003 The Transportation Research Board's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 311: Performance Measures of Operational Effectiveness for Highway Segments and Systems examines the use of performance measures for the monitoring and operational management of highway segments an...
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 Impact of Red Light Camera Enforcement on Crash ExperienceApril 10, 2003 TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 310: Impact of Red Light Camera Enforcement on Crash Experience notes that red light running automated enforcement seemingly can be an effective safety countermeasure; however, the report goes on to indicate that currently the...
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 Transportation Planning and Management for Special EventsApril 10, 2003 TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 309: Transportation Planning and Management for Special Events addresses how various agencies are planning, coordinating services, and managing the overall transportation systems for both frequent and infrequent events. Report ...
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 Owner-Controlled Insurance Program IssuesJanuary 29, 2003 TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 308: Owner-Controlled Insurance Programs (OCIPs) provides a brief history of OCIPs, the OCIP experiences of state departments of transportation, contractor issues, and controlling risk, and discusses at length how to choose an ...
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 Systems Engineering Processes for Developing Traffic Signal SystemsApril 24, 2003 TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 307: Systems Engineering Processes for Developing Traffic Signal Systems discusses the systems engineering techniques available to traffic signal systems and identifies the key processes in a number of traffic signal systems en...
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 Long-Term Pavement Marking PracticesJanuary 29, 2003 TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 306: Long-Term Pavement Marking Practices documents the current and best practices for managing pavement marking systems, identifies future needs, and addresses driver needs and methods of communicating information to drivers,...
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 Interaction Between Roadways and Wildlife EcologyNovember 21, 2002 TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 305: Interaction Between Roadways and Wildlife Ecology summarizes existing information related to roadway planning, design, construction, operation, and maintenance practices being used successfully and unsuccessfully, national...
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 Driveway Regulation PracticesNovember 21, 2002 TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 304: Driveway Regulation Practices provides an overview of current transportation agency practices, recent literature findings, and research in driveway regulation.
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 Assessment and Rehabilitation of Existing CulvertsNovember 21, 2002 TRB's National Cooerative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 303: Assessment and Rehabilitation of Existing Culverts summarizes the state of the practice of pipe assessment, the selection of appropriate repair or rehabilitation methods, and the management aspects of a pipe program.
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 Mitigating Transportation's Ecological ImpactsAugust 8, 2002 TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 302: Mitigation of Ecological Impacts provides an overview of current transportation agency practices, recent literature findings, and research on measures to mitigate the environmental impact of transportation projects--includ...
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 Collecting, Processing, and Integrating GPS Data Into GISSeptember 5, 2002 TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 301: Collecting, Processing, and Integrating GPS Data Into GIS includes a discussion of the benefits and problems of integrating Global Positioning System (GPS) data with data from geographic information systems (GIS) and a six...
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 Recent Geometric Design Research for Improved Safety and OperationsApril 29, 2002 TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 299: Recent Geometric Design Research for Improved Safety and Operations reviews and summarizes selected geometric design research published during the 1990s, particularly research with improved safety and operations implicatio...
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 Truck Trip Generation DataJune 26, 2002 TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 298: Truck Trip Generation Data identifies available data and assesses the current state of the practice in truck trip generation.
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 Statistical Methods in Highway Safety AnalysisDecember 1, 2001 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 295: Statistical Methods in Highway Safety Analysis focus on the type of safety analysis required to support traditional engineering functions, such as the identification of hazardous locations and the development and evaluatio...
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Configuration Management in Transportation Management SystemsJuly 9, 2001 NCHRP Synthesis Report 294 will be of interest to state transportation departments and regional and local agencies, as well as to the consultants that work with them. It identifies how configuration management (CM) is currently being developed and used by transportation management systems. I...
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Evaluation of Pavement Friction CharacteristicsDecember 19, 2000 This synthesis report will be of interest to pavement design, construction, management, and research engineers, highway safety officials, and others concerned with pavement friction characteristics. It describes the current state of the practice and discusses the methods used for evaluating wet p...
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Corridor ManagementOctober 12, 2000 This synthesis report will be of interest to department of transportation administrators and transportation planning, right-of-way, economic development, and environmental planning staffs, as well as to the consultants that work with them. It would also appeal to regional and local government off...
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Data Sharing and Data Partnerships for HighwaysOctober 24, 2000 This synthesis report will be of interest to DOT administrators, supervisors, and staff, as well as to the consultants that work with them. Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) regional and local agency staffs might also find it informative. The synthesis was initiated in response to a recomm...
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 Sleep Deprivation Countermeasures for Motorist SafetyDecember 1, 2000 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 287: Sleep Deprivation Countermeasures for Motorist Safety concludes that although adequate sleep is the only 100 percent effective "countermeasure" for sleepiness, there are other countermeasures to help make driving safer. Se...
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Multimodal Aspects of Statewide Transportation PlanningAugust 15, 2000 This synthesis report will be of interest to department of transportation ( DOT) administrators, planning supervisors, managers, and staffs, as well as to planning consultants that work with them. It provides information for practitioners interested in the results of attempts to apply multimodal ...
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Maintenance of Highway EdgedrainsJuly 18, 2000 This synthesis report will be of interest to pavement design, construction, maintenance, and materials engineers; geologists and hydrologists; highway contractors; and others interested in the maintenance of highway edgedrains. It describes the current state of the practice for the maintenance of...
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Performance Survey on Open-Graded Friction Course MixesMarch 17, 2000 This synthesis will be of interest to pavement construction, maintenance, design, and materials engineers; pavement contractors; and others interested in the use of open-graded friction course (OGFC) mixes. It describes the current state of the practice on the use of OGFC mixes, including informa...
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Fleet Management and Selection Systems for Highway Maintenance EquipmentApril 25, 2000 This synthesis report will be of interest to Department of Transportation (DOT) administrators, supervisors, equipment, and Management Information System (MIS)/Information Technology (IT) managers and staff, as well as to the engineering and MIS/IT consultants that work for them. It reviews that ...
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Project Management Information n SystemsFebruary 24, 2000 This synthesis report will be of interest to DOT chief administrative and information officers, information technology staff, and project managers and their supervisors. It describes the current state of the practice for DOT project management information systems, as well as current best practice...
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Operational Impacts of Median Width on Larger VehiclesApril 4, 2000 This synthesis report will be of interest to officials and staff of municipal, regional, and statewide transportation agencies responsible for roadway design and traffic control. It will be of special interest to those concerned with intersections and driveways on divided highways where larger ve...
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 Seven Keys to Building a Robust Research ProgramJune 1, 2001 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 280: Seven Keys to Building a Robust Research Program identifies attributes necessary to build and maintain a robust research program.
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Roadway Incident Diversion PracticesDecember 19, 1999 This synthesis report will be of interest to officials of municipal, regional, and statewide transportation and law enforcement agencies who are responsible for roadway incident diversion practices. It will also be of interest to others who interact with these agencies to achieve a better underst...
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Measuring In Situ Mechanical Properties of Pavement Subgrade SoilsNovember 8, 1999 This synthesis report will be of interest to pavement and geotechnical design and research engineers, geologists and engineering geologists, and related laboratory personnel. It describes the current practice for measuring in situ mechanical properties of pavement subgrade soils. The tests conduc...
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Consultants for DOT Preconstruction Engineering WorkJuly 26, 1999 This synthesis report will be of interest to department of transportation (DOT) preconstruction engineering supervisors and program managers, contract administrators, and project managers. It will also be of interest to engineering consultants who do work for state DOTs. It describes current prac...
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Historic Highway Bridge Preservation PracticesOctober 18, 1999 This synthesis report will be of interest to state highway design engineers and structural engineers, as well as environmental and historic preservation personnel in transportation agencies. It will also be of interest to state historic preservation offices, federal historic preservation agencies...
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Methods to Achieve Rut-Resistant Durable PavementsMay 12, 1999 This synthesis report will be of interest to state, local, and federal agency pavement materials, design, and construction engineers, as well as pavement research engineers and scientists. Those with supervisory oversight for pavement programs will also find it of interest. It describes the curre...
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 Traffic Signal Operations Near Highway-Rail Grade CrossingsJune 1, 2001 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis Report 271: Traffic Signal Operations Near Highway-Rail Grade Crossings presents a review of the current practices associated with the operation of traffic signals at intersections located near highway-rail grade crossings.
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Transportation Management Center FunctionsNovember 21, 1998 Transportation management centers (TMCs), or traffic management centers, have become a vital part of the transportation fabric in many urban areas. This synthesis presents information on the current operational and technical practices used by highway, transit, and multimodal TMCs in several urban...
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Road User and Mitigation Costs in Highway Pavement ProjectsMarch 15, 1999 This synthesis report will be of interest to transportation agency planners; design, construction, and maintenance engineers; and administrators, managers, economists, and other decisionmakers involved in programming highway pavement projects. This synthesis describes current practice with regard...
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Relationship Between Pavement Surface Texture and Highway Traffic NoiseDecember 31, 1998 Traffic noise is frequently an annoyance for highway neighbors. Pavement/tire noise is a large component of the overall traffic noise level and has been extensively reviewed. This synthesis presents a comprehensive synopsis of pavement/tire noise as it relates to roadways. Detailed information is...
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Transportation Development ProcessJanuary 11, 1999 This synthesis presents information on current practices used by transportation agencies to complete the transportation development process (TDP). This process involves linking the planning, project development, environmental, design, construction, operations, and maintenance aspects of the overa...
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Dynamic Impact Factors for BridgesNovember 1, 1998 This synthesis will be of interest to state department of transportation and consulting bridge, structural, and research engineers. The synthesis describes the current state of the practice for determining dynamic impact factors for bridges. Information for the synthesis was collected by surveyin...
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Managing Product Liability to Achieve Highway InnovationsOctober 1, 1998 This synthesis will be of interest to state Department of Transportation (DOT) engineers, legal counsel, researchers, and administrators; transportation product development engineers, equipment manufacturers, and engineering and product manufacturer associations; state, regional, and federal prod...
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 Modern Roundabout Practice in the United StatesFebruary 2, 2000 TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 264: Modern Roundabout Practice in the United States includes examples of roundabouts and presents information on roundabout design guidelines used in the United States as well as those of other countries.
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State DOT Management Techniques for Materials and Construction AcceptanceOctober 1, 1998 This synthesis will be of interest to state Department of Transportation (DOT) materials and construction engineers; contract, procedure, and specification specialists; construction personnel managers; researchers; and private consultants. The synthesis describes the current state of the practice...
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Tolling Practices for Highway FacilitiesOctober 1, 1998 This synthesis will be of interest to administrative and financial officials of toll authorities, as well as members of the governing boards of these agencies. It will also be of interest to state departments of transportation and to legislators who are exploring innovative methods for financing ...
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Criteria for Highway Routing of Hazardous MaterialsAugust 1, 1998 This synthesis will be of interest to staff of state departments of transportation responsible for highway routing, traffic engineering, traffic operations and signing, and maintenance. It will also be useful to state police, who may also be responsible for routing, and other enforcement personne...
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Thin-Surfaced PavementsSeptember 1, 1998 This synthesis report will be of interest to pavement design engineers in local, state, and federal transportation agencies. Pavement materials, construction, and maintenance engineers will also find it of interest. In addition, it will be of interest to local technology transfer centers and pave...
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Management of Surface Transportation SystemsJune 9, 1998 This synthesis will be of interest to officials of municipal, regional, and statewide transportation agencies who are responsible for the management of surface transportation systems in metropolitan areas. It presents information on the processes used by transportation agencies to monitor, evalua...
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Applications of GPS for Surveying and Other Positioning Needs in Departments of TransportationMay 12, 1998 This synthesis will be of interest to both administrative and technical personnel in departments of transportation (DOTs), especially in the areas of surveying, mapping, transportation planning, environmental impact assessment, design, construction control, maintenance, operations, vehicle locati...
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Submittal of Bid Proposals in Electronic FormatFebruary 12, 1998 This synthesis will be of interest to state Department of Transportation (DOT) contract officers, program managers, and construction engineers. It will also be of interest to computer specialists and construction contractors interfacing with the state DOTs using electronic media processes. It des...
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Service Life of Drainage PipeApril 16, 1998 This synthesis will be of interest to state department of transportation (DOT) highway and roadway design and materials engineers, including specifications and standards, geotechnical, chemical, pavement, construction, and maintenance specialists; engineering geologists and geologists; product ma...
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Dynamic Effects of Pile Installations on Adjacent StructuresJanuary 8, 1998 This synthesis will be of interest to state department of transportation geotechnical, bridge, and structural engineers, engineering geologists, vibration monitoring consultants, contractors involved with pile driving, and researchers. It describes the current state of the practice for preventing...
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Response of Small Urbanized Area MPOs to ISTEAFebruary 19, 1998 This synthesis will be of interest to officials and staff of metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) representing regional communities of less than 200,000 population. It will also be of interest to state and local highway and transit agencies, administrators, and elected officials. Other offi...
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Lead-Based Paint Removal for Steel Highway BridgesDecember 31, 1997 This synthesis describes the current state of the practice for the removal of lead-based paint from existing highway steel bridges. It will be of interest to state department of transportation bridge maintenance and construction engineers; regulators, consultants, and contractors involved with th...
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Highway-Rail Grade Crossing SurfacesApril 3, 1998 This synthesis will be of interest to state and local highway personnel who are responsible for the design, construction, and maintenance of road surfaces and to railroad personnel with similar responsibilities associated with highway-rail grade crossings. It will also be of interest to manufactu...
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Methods for Increasing Live Load Capacity of Existing Highway BridgesDecember 24, 1997 This synthesis will be of interest to state department of transportation bridge design and structural engineers, bridge consultants, and others involved in applied and research methods for increasing the live load capacity of existing highway bridges. The synthesis describes the current state of ...
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Evaluating and Measuring the Effectiveness of TrainingNovember 4, 1997 This synthesis will be of interest to transportation agency administrators, especially human resources development managers and training personnel, as well as to the client staff and functional area managers who are responsible for maintaining and improving the level of productivity and quality c...
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Outsourcing of State Highway Facilities and ServicesOctober 31, 1997 This synthesis presents information on the current outsourcing practices of state departments of transportation with regard to the transfer or placement of work that might previously have been done by state staff, to contractors or consultants. It will be of interest to transportation agency admi...
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Traffic Signal Control Systems Maintenance Management PracticesJanuary 1, 1997 This synthesis will be of interest to traffic control systems managers and designers, maintenance managers and staff, communications managers and staff, and others who are responsible for the effective functioning of traffic signal control systems at the state, district, or local level. It will a...
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Guardrail and Median Barrier CrashworthinessSeptember 25, 1997 This synthesis will be of interest to state department of transportation (DOT) roadway design, traffic, structural, maintenance, and research engineers and others concerned with highway safety issues. This synthesis describes the current state of the practice for the use of guardrails and median ...
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Methods for Capital Programming and Projection SelectionSeptember 24, 1997 This synthesis will be of interest to transportation department administrators, financial managers, program area managers, and others who are concerned with the financing, budgeting, and funding aspects of managing the transportation infrastructure. It will also be of interest to others outside o...
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Trenchless Installation of Conduits Beneath RoadwaysSeptember 25, 1997 This synthesis will be of interest to geologists; geotechnical, construction, and maintenance engineers; other state department of transportation (DOT) personnel involved with the planning, design, and permit issuance for conduits beneath roadways; local transportation agencies; utility contracto...
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Truck Operating CharacteristicsNovember 11, 1997 This synthesis will be of interest to engineers and administrators responsible for the design, construction, and maintenance of highways and bridges, as well as to engineering design consultants. It will also provide useful information to the trucking industry, especially to designers, as they co...
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Toll Plaza DesignAugust 11, 1997 This synthesis presents information on the design of toll plazas at highway, bridge, tunnel, and other transportation facilities. It will be of interest to toll facility managers and other officials, as well as to consultants concerned with the design, operation, and maintenance of toll facilitie...
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Pavement Subsurface Drainage SystemsJune 20, 1997 This synthesis will be of interest to geologists; hydrologists; geotechnical, pavement, construction, and maintenance engineers; and researchers. State department of transportation (DOT) program managers and administrators will also find it of interest. The synthesis describes the current state o...
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Performance Measurement in State Departments of TransportationApril 18, 1997 This synthesis will be of interest to state transportation agency administrators, division and functional area managers, program managers, financial and human resources personnel, and others, including state legislators, who are concerned with implementing innovative programs in state departments...
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Changeable Message SignsMarch 17, 1997 This synthesis will be of interest to traffic engineers in federal, state, provincial, and local transportation agencies who are responsible for the design and operation of safe and efficient highway systems. It will also be useful to consulting traffic engineers, sign manufacturers, and vendors ...
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Methods for Household Travel SurveysJanuary 23, 1997 This synthesis will be of interest to planning, administrative, and traffic officials in state transportation agencies and in metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs); to consultants concerned with the design and conduct of surveys; and to those engaged in developing and applying travel forecas...
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Application of Full-Scale Accelerated Pavement TestingJanuary 29, 1997 This synthesis, which describes the state of the practice for full- scale accelerated pavement testing (APT), will be of interest to state department of transportation (DOT) pavement design and materials engineers; DOT research staff, including field and laboratory materials testing personnel; an...
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Settlement of Bridge Approaches (The Bump at the End of the Bridge)March 27, 1997 This synthesis will be of interest to state Departments of Transportation (DOTs) geotechnical, structural, roadway design, construction, and maintenance engineers; DOT research staff; and personnel in local transportation agencies. This synthesis describes the current state of the practice for th...
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Land Development Regulations that Promote Access ManagementAugust 6, 1996 This synthesis will be of interest to state and local transportation agency personnel responsible for access management, as well as to traffic and highway design engineers, land use planners, zoning administrators, environmental specialists, and policymakers or legislators. It describes the vario...
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Variability in Highway Pavement ConstructionNovember 26, 1996 This synthesis will be of interest to state DOT construction, materials, statistical, specification, and inspection engineers; DOT research staff; pavement construction material suppliers; highway construction contractors; and civil engineering consulting firms, including field and laboratory mat...
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Managing Contract Research ProgramsJanuary 1, 1996 TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 231: Managing Contract Research Programs explores the state of the practice for managing contract research programs.
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Managing Contract Research ProgramsAugust 6, 1996 This synthesis will be of interest to state department of transportation (DOT) research administrators and mid- to upper-level research managers; DOT research staff and staff from design, construction and maintenance who provide input to the research process; and university and private industry r...
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Freight Transportation Planning Practices in the Public SectorNovember 1, 1996 This synthesis describes the process by which state departments of transportation and Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) integrate freight planning into the surface transportation planning process. It will be of interest to state and MPO planners, port planners; traffic engineers; and to ...
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Applications of 3-D and 4-D Visualization Technology in TransportationDecember 3, 1996 This synthesis describes the application of computer graphics technology to transportation practice. It will be of interest to transportation planners, facilities design and construction personnel, traffic engineers, and other officials concerned with administration, public information, legal asp...
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Reduced Visibility Due to Fog on the HighwayNovember 26, 1996 This synthesis will be of interest to traffic and safety engineers; highway and bridge designers; police, fire, and emergency personnel; toll authorities; and other officials concerned with roadway safety operations. It describes the forecasting and detection of fog, as well as countermeasures th...
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Collecting and Managing Cost Data for Bridge Management SystemsJuly 23, 1996 This synthesis will be of interest to state department of transportation (DOT) administrators and mid- to upper-level managers; researchers; cost estimators; bridge and general management system engineers; and bridge design, construction, inspection and maintenance engineers; as well as to privat...
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Remediation of Petroleum-Contaminated SoilsJune 10, 1996 This synthesis will be of interest to state transportation personnel involved with project planning and location (administrative and regulatory personnel), design staff (general civil, geotechnical, and environmental engineers), and project managers (construction and maintenance engineers and sta...
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Left-Turn Treatments at IntersectionsApril 25, 1996 This synthesis will be of interest to traffic engineers in both the public and private sectors, as well as to design engineers, safety and law enforcement officials, traffic signal technicians, and others concerned with the accommodation of nonmotorized transportation ( pedestrians and bicycles) ...
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Longitudinal Occupancy of Controlled Access Right-of-Way by UtilitiesApril 2, 1996 This synthesis will be of interest to highway administrators, design engineers, maintenance engineers and maintenance staff, traffic engineers, and safety officials. It will also provide useful information to the utilities and telecommunications industries. Information is presented on the state t...
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Cost-Effective Preventive Pavement Maintenance (Photocopy Edition)March 8, 1996 This synthesis will be of interest to highway agency executive management including administrative, budget, and finance personnel; pavement design, construction, and maintenance engineers; and maintenance operations personnel, including supervisors and maintenance crew leaders. This synthesis des...
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Waterproofing Membranes for Concrete Bridge DecksFebruary 2, 1996 This synthesis will be of interest to research, specifications, materials, design, and construction engineers; contract and specification administrators; agency project managers and staff; and concrete bridge deck construction contractors. This synthesis describes the state of the practice with r...
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Photographic Enforcement of Traffic LawsDecember 22, 1995 This synthesis will be of interest to state and local highway agency administrative and executive officers, enforcement agency personnel, attorneys, traffic engineers, and others concerned with managing and enforcing traffic laws at all levels of government. It will also be of interest to manufac...
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Mitigation of Nighttime Construction Noise, Vibrations, and Other NuisancesAugust 2, 1999 This synthesis report describes current practice in mitigating nighttime construction nuisances such as noise, vibration, light, and dust. Roadway construction work is increasingly done at night to mediate traffic congestion; however, this trend also increases the potential for disturbing adjacen...
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Consideration of the 15 Factors in the Metropolitan Planning ProcessJuly 24, 1995 This synthesis will be of immediate interest to land use and transportation planning officials, with special interest to state, regional, and local planners and administrators who must respond to the requirements of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA). The process...
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Implementation of Technology From AbroadApril 21, 1995 This synthesis report will be of interest to pavement design, materials and testing, traffic, and research engineers and transportation planners. It will also be of interest to chief administrative officers and chief engineers of transportation agencies. This report describes the current implemen...
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Determination of Contract Time for Highway Construction ProjectsJune 30, 1995 This synthesis will be of interest to highway administrators; design, construction, and specification engineers; project schedulers; and highway construction contractors. The synthesis describes the state of the practice with respect to procedures used throughout the United States and other count...
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Resolution of Disputes to Avoid Construction ClaimsAugust 4, 1995 This synthesis report will be of interest to transportation agency administrators, including contract administrators; construction, design, claims, and scheduling engineers; project staff and managers; attorneys; and construction contractors. This synthesis describes the state of the practice wit...
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Effective Use of Park-and-Ride FacilitiesJuly 5, 1995 TRB's National Highway Cooperative Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 213: Effective Use of Park-and-Ride Facilities examines the current status of park-and-ride facilities in the United States. The various aspects of park-and-ride facilities, including conceptual issues, location, design, admini...
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Performance-Related Specifications for Highway Construction and RehabilitationSeptember 7, 1995 This synthesis will be of interest to administrators, including contract and specifications administrators; research, construction, materials, specification, and design engineers; agency project managers and staff; and highway construction contractors. It describes the state of the practice with ...
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Design, Construction, and Maintenance of PCC Pavement JointsMay 9, 1995 This synthesis report will be of special interest to pavement engineers and pavement construction and maintenance personnel responsible for portland cement concrete (PCC) pavement joints. Still pertinent information from NCHRP Synthesis 19 (1973), as well as new or updated information in the area...
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Road Pricing for Congestion Management: A Survey of International PracticeMarch 22, 1995 This synthesis will be of interest to transportation agency administrators and managers, state and regional transportation planners, metropolitan planning organizations, policy makers, transportation economists, traffic engineers, and others concerned with reducing traffic congestion in urban are...
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Highway Location Reference MethodsJanuary 1, 1974 NCHRP Highway Synthesis Report 21 - A highway location reference system is a set of office and field procedures that includes a highway location reference method. The latter is a way to identify a specific location with respect to a known point. The system is seen as the procedures that relate al...
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Sealers for Portland Cement Concrete Highway FacilitiesMarch 7, 1995 This synthesis document will be of interest to materials, maintenance, and bridge engineers, and others responsible for protecting and maintaining portland cement concrete (PCC) roadway surfaces. It will be of special interest to materials research and testing officials, as well as to manufacture...
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Development and Implementation of Traffic Control Plans for Highway Work ZonesMarch 8, 1995 This synthesis report will be of interest to traffic control plan designers and administrators; highway engineers (traffic, safety, project, and resident construction); highway construction contractor personnel; and consultants, inspectors, and technicians involved with the design, implementation...
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Managing Roadway Snow and Ice Control OperationsMarch 7, 1995 This synthesis report will be of interest to transportation agency maintenance engineers, managers, and operators and others involved with roadway snow and ice control including safety engineers, traffic engineers, and law enforcement agency personnel. It presents information on the state of the ...
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Managing Highway Tort LiabilityJanuary 12, 1995 This synthesis will be of interest to highway agency administrative and executive officers, risk managers, legal officials, as well as to highway design, traffic, and safety engineers, enforcement agency personnel, claims managers, and others concerned with managing tort liability programs in sta...
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Performance and Operational Experience of Crash CushionsFebruary 8, 1995 This synthesis report will be of special interest to maintenance, construction, and traffic engineers and others interested in the use of impact attenuation devices or crash cushions for highway operations. Information is provided on the performance and operational experience of 13 crash cushion ...
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Portland Cement Concrete ResurfacingDecember 13, 1994 This synthesis report will be of special interest to pavement designers, materials engineers, and others seeking information on portland cement concrete resurfacings (overlays) placed over both portland and asphalt cement concrete pavements. Information is presented on the various practices in us...
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Current Practices in Determining Pavement ConditionDecember 29, 1994 This synthesis will be of interest to pavement designers, maintenance engineers, planners, and others concerned with measuring the condition of existing pavements for the purpose of planning maintenance, rehabilitation, or reconstruction. Information is presented on the various practices in use f...
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Severity Indices of Roadside FeaturesOctober 3, 1994 This synthesis will be of interest to highway administrators, safety officials, design engineers, traffic engineers, and analysts who are concerned with improving highway safety. Severity indices, which serve as indicators of the expected injury consequences of a crash, are an integral part of th...
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Multimodal Evaluation in Passenger TransportationNovember 23, 1994 This synthesis will be of interest to transportation planners, environmental analysts, and government officials at the federal, state, regional, and local levels. It describes the state of the practice with respect to the procedures and methodologies used by planning agencies at all levels to pla...
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Underwater Bridge Maintenance and RepairSeptember 1, 1994 This synthesis on underwater bridge maintenance and repair will be of special interest to bridge maintenance engineers and others involved with repair of bridge elements located below the waterline and in the splash zone. Procedures for correctly assessing the problem and engineering the repair w...
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Recycling and Use of Waste Materials and By-Products in Highway ConstructionJuly 26, 1994 This synthesis will be of interest to administrators and policy makers; pavement, material, geotechnical, and environmental engineers; and maintenance and construction professionals involved with highway design and construction issues. Information is provided on the technical, economic, and envir...
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Uses of Recycled Rubber Tires in HighwaysJanuary 1, 1994 This synthesis on the use of recycled rubber tires in highways will be of interest to administrators and policy-makers; pavement, materials, geotechnical, environmental, and traffic operations engineers; and research engineers involved with highway design and construction issues. Information is p...
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Corridor PreservationOctober 3, 1994 This synthesis will be of interest to transportation agency administrators, planners, attorneys, environmental officials, and engineers in federal, state, and local governments, as well as to citizens interested in corridor preservation. It is especially timely in view of the ISTEA provisions for...
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Highway Maintenance Procedures Dealing with Hazardous Material IncidentsAugust 31, 1994 This synthesis will be of interest to maintenance managers, maintenance engineers, health and safety officials, those responsible for environmental protection, police, and others concerned with responding to hazardous materials incidents on public highways. Information is presented on the educati...
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Use of Warranties in Road ConstructionJanuary 1, 1994 This synthesis on the use of warranties in road construction will be of interest to administrators, engineers, designers, and contractors involved with highway design and construction and the procurement process for these services. Experiences with use of warranties in Europe and the United State...
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Electronic Toll and Traffic Management (ETTM) SystemsJanuary 1, 1993 This synthesis on Electronic Toll and Traffic Management (ETTM) systems will be of interest to officials of toll authorities, traffic engineers, design engineers, law enforcement officials, financial personnel, developers and vendors of electronic vehicle identification and toll collection equipm...
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Hot In-Place Recycling of Asphalt ConcreteAugust 9, 1994 This synthesis will be of interest to administrators, pavement designers, highway, material, research, and specification engineers, and others interested in economical methods for reconstructing or rehabilitating asphalt concrete pavements. It describes the processes and equipment used for hot in...
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Accident Data QualityJanuary 1, 1993 This synthesis will be of interest to highway department administrators, accident records personnel, information systems and data processing management personnel, highway traffic and safety engineers, drivers' licensing officials, state and local police, as well as federal agencies, industries, t...
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Use of Rumble Strips to Enhance SafetyJanuary 1, 1993 This synthesis will be of interest to traffic engineers, highway design engineers, highway maintenance personnel, those responsible for toll plaza design and operation, and others concerned with the operation, safety and design of the roadway environment. Information is presented on the various a...
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Criteria for Qualifying Contractors for Bidding PurposesJuly 26, 1994 This synthesis will be of interest to administrators, contracting officers, engineers, and contractors, as well as bonding firms and sureties or others involved with highway construction and the procurement process for these services. Information is provided on the current practices used by state...
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Pavement Structural Design PracticesJanuary 1, 1993 This synthesis will be of interest to pavement, highway, and geotechnical engineers, and others interested in pavement structural design practices. Information is provided on flexible and rigid pavement design, design elements common to flexible and rigid pavement, and flexible and rigid pavement...
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Management Training and Development ProgramsJanuary 1, 1994 This synthesis will be of interest to administrators, human resource managers, technical managers, and those who develop training courses for departments of transportation (DOTs). It describes the management philosophies that support the management training and development programs, such as the n...
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Rapid Test Methods for Asphalt Concrete and Portland Cement ConcreteJanuary 1, 1993 This synthesis will be of interest to materials and construction engineers, and others interested in the use of rapid test methods for asphalt concrete and portland cement concrete. Information is provided on the various test methods in use for process control and acceptance of these materials, a...
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Supplemental Advance Warning DevicesJanuary 1, 1993 This synthesis will be of interest to traffic engineers, highway design engineers, and others concerned with the operation, safety, and design of the roadway environment. Information is presented on a variety of advance warning devices that are used by state and local agencies to advise motorists...
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Preferential Lane Treatments for High-Occupancy VehiclesJanuary 1, 1993 This synthesis will be of interest to transportation planners, highway engineers, environmental personnel, highway design engineers, transit planners, highway administrators, and others concerned with the planning, design, and operational features of preferential high- occupancy vehicle (HOV) lan...
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Disposal of Roadside Litter MixturesJanuary 1, 1993 This synthesis will be of interest to maintenance managers, maintenance engineers, those responsible for environmental protection and waste management, and others concerned with the removal and disposal of litter from the roadside. Information is presented on the various aspects of the roadside l...
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Knowledge-Based Expert Systems in TransportationJanuary 1, 1992 This synthesis will be of interest to engineering managers, design engineers, traffic engineers, computer personnel, and others interested in advanced computer applications for highway design and operations. Information is provided on the history of knowledge based expert systems (KBES), current ...
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Performance and Operational Experience of Truck-Mounted AttenuatorsJanuary 1, 1993 This synthesis will be of interest to maintenance, construction, and traffic engineers, and others interested in the use of safety apparatus for highway operations. Information is provided on the performance and operational experience of truck-mounted attenuators, including physical characteristi...
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In-Service Experience with Traffic Noise BarriersJanuary 1, 1992 This synthesis will be of interest to highway environmental engineers, noise analysts, design engineers, maintenance personnel, planners, administrators, and others responsible for the design, selection, and maintenance of noise barriers or other traffic noise abatement policies. Information is p...
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Performance Characteristics of Open-Graded Friction CoursesJanuary 1, 1992 This synthesis will be of interest to construction, maintenance, pavement design, and materials engineers, pavement contractors, and others interested in the use of open-graded friction courses (OGFC) as an asphalt concrete pavement wearing surface. Information is provided on performance benefits...
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Latex-Modified Concretes and MortarsJanuary 1, 1992 This synthesis wil be of interest to materials engineers, construction engineers, maintenance engineers, pavement contractors and others interested in the use of latex-modified mortars (LMM) and concretes ( LMC). Information is provided on material properties of various LMM and LMC, as well as cu...
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Truck Escape RampsJanuary 1, 1992 This synthesis will be of interest to highway design engineers, maintenance personnel, safety and enforcement officials, traffic engineers, and others responsible for the safe operation of large trucks on highways. Information is provided on the critical aspects of site location, design criteria,...
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Freeway Corridor ManagementJanuary 1, 1992 This synthesis will be of interest to state and local traffic engineers, transportation planners, transit operators, law enforcement officials, public information agencies, and others responsible for the transportation elements of freeway corridors. Information is provided on the policies and pro...
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Bridge Paint: Removal, Containment, and DisposalJanuary 1, 1992 This synthesis will be of interest to bridge painting contractors, bridge maintenance and construction engineers, environmental engineers, equipment manufacturers and suppliers, and others interested in bridge paint removal. Information is provided on current practices in bridge paint removal, co...
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Moisture Damage in Asphalt ConcreteJanuary 1, 1991 This synthesis will be of interest to pavement designers, construction engineers, maintenance engineers, and others interested in avoiding or limiting moisture damage in asphalt concrete. Information is provided on physical and chemical explanations for moisture damage in asphalt concrete, along ...
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Storm Water Management for Transportation FacilitiesJanuary 1, 1993 This synthesis will be of interest to highway design engineers, maintenance engineers, environmental personnel, administrators, and others responsible for the design, operation, and maintenance of stormwater management for highways and ancillary facilities. Information is presented on the basic h...
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Short-Term Responsive Maintenance SystemsJanuary 1, 1991 This synthesis will be of interest to maintenance managers, maintenance engineers, and others concerned with the periodic problems associated with the day-to-day maintenance of highways. Information is presented on discovery and response systems applicable to short-term responsive maintenance nee...
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Signal Timing Improvement PracticesJanuary 1, 1992 This synthesis will be of interest to traffic engineers, public officials, and others interested in developing improved traffic signal timing procedures. Information has been assembled on traffic signal timing software, resources required for timing, procedures for single intersections and coordi...
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Fabrics in Asphalt Overlays and Pavement MaintenanceJanuary 1, 1991 This synthesis will be of interest to pavement designers, maintenance engineers, and others interested in methods and procedures for reducing reflection cracking of asphalt overlays. Information is provided on the use of paving fabrics and membranes in pavement rehabilitation. Reflection cracking...
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Managing Urban Freeway MaintenanceJanuary 1, 1990 This synthesis will be of interest to maintenance engineers, traffic engineers, and others interested in the management aspects of maintaining urban freeways. Information is provided on techniques and procedures used by agencies to improve and speed up maintenance procedures, schedule work, and c...
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Removing Concrete from BridgesJanuary 1, 1991 This synthesis will be of interest to maintenance engineers, bridge engineers, and others interested in methods and procedures for removing concrete from bridges. Information is provided on equipment and procedures used by states to remove concrete from highway bridges. Repairing structural concr...
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Contract Management SystemsJanuary 1, 1990 This synthesis will be of interest to administrators, contract officers, and others interested in using consulting firms to manage a transportation agency's work activities -- ranging from a single project to a complete spectrum of work. Information is provided on various aspects of contract mana...
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Traffic Signal Control Equipment: State of the ArtJanuary 1, 1990 This synthesis will be of interest to traffic engineers and others interested in the capabilities of currently available equipment for traffic signal control. Information is provided on functions and operations of controller assemblies, displays, detectors, communications, and computerized system...
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Transportation TelecommunicationsJanuary 1, 1990 This synthesis will be of interest to administrators, operating personnel, and others interested in the management and operation of telecommunications systems in transportation agencies. Information is provided on the fundamentals of telecommunications, types of systems available, current uses in...
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Measures to Curtail State Fuel Tax EvasionJanuary 1, 1990 This synthesis will be of interest to finance officers, administrators, legislators, and others interested in the actions that states take to stem evasion of highway fuel taxes. Information is presented on the types of schemes that are being used to evade paying fuel taxes and on practices that h...
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Computer-Aided Design and Drafting SystemsJanuary 1, 1990 This synthesis will be of interest to administrators, designers, computer personnel, and others interested in the operation and management of computer-aided design and drafting (CADD) systems. Information is provided on selection and implementation of CADD systems, current use in state department...
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Cold-Recycled Bituminous Concrete Using Bituminous MaterialsJanuary 1, 1990 This synthesis will be of interest to pavement designers, construction engineers, and others interested in economical methods for reconstructing or rehabilitating bituminous pavements. Information is provided on the processes and procedures used by a number of states to recycle asphalt pavements ...
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Design and Construction of Bridge ApproachesJanuary 1, 1990 This synthesis will be of interest to geotechnical, bridge construction, and maintenance engineers and others interested in design, construction, and maintenance of embankment approaches to bridge abutments. Information is provided on available techniques to minimize problems associated with the ...
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Wet-Pavement Safety ProgramsJanuary 1, 1990 This synthesis will be of interest to pavement engineers, safety officers, and others interested in wet-pavement safety programs. Information is provided on the programs used by a number of agencies in gathering data and correcting areas of potential wet-weather accidents. Wet-pavement accidents ...
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Maintenance Management of Street and Highway SignsJanuary 1, 1990 This synthesis will be of interest to traffic engineers, maintenance managers, sign shop supervisors, and others interested in the maintenance of street and highway signs. Detailed information is presented on the current practices of state and local governments in managing the maintenance of stre...
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Freeway Incident ManagementJanuary 1, 1990 This synthesis will be of interest to traffic engineers, planners, and others interested in how highway agencies deal with freeway incidents. Information is provided on the procedures and processes that highway agencies use to respond to traffic congestion caused by incidents on freeways. Congest...
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Freeway Guide Sign Replacement: Policies and CriteriaJanuary 1, 1991 This synthesis will be of interest to traffic engineers, planners, and others interested in making sure that motorists' needs for directional information on freeways are being met. Information is provided on policies and procedures used by states in evaluating freeway guide signs and replacing th...
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Recycling Portland Cement Concrete PavementsJanuary 1, 1989 This synthesis will be of interest to pavement designers, construction engineers, and others interested in economical methods for recontstructing portland cement concrete (PCC) pavements. Information is provided on the processes and procedures used by a number of states in using PCC pavement as a...
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Evolution and Benefits of Preventive Maintenance StrategiesJanuary 1, 1989 This synthesis will be of interest to maintenance managers, maintenance engineers, and others concerned with the implementation and evaluation of preventive maintenance strategies. Detailed information is presented on the formulation, use, and assessment of this type of maintenance strategy. Prev...
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Compaction of Asphalt PavementJanuary 1, 1989 This synthesis will be of interest to construction and materials engineers, paving contractors, equipment manufacturers, and others who are involved in assessing the performance of asphalt pavements. Information is presented on various issues related to compaction of asphalt pavements. Compaction...
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Process for Recapitalizing Highway Transportation SystemsJanuary 1, 1989 This synthesis will be of interest to administrators, fiscal officers, and programming and planning officials in large highway transportation organizations, as well as legislators and others interested in the planning and programming of highway transportation capital improvement projects. Informa...
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Technology Transfer in Selected Highway AgenciesJanuary 1, 1989 This synthesis will be of interest to administrators, technology transfer officials, college/university educators, and others concerned with technology transfer. Information is presented on how information about new technology is disseminated and how the use of new technology is actively promoted...
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Indicators of Quality in MaintenanceJanuary 1, 1989 This synthesis will be of interest to maintenance managers, maintenance engineers, and others concerned with the development of quality indicators for maintenance management. Detailed information is presented on the formulation and use of these qualtiy indicators. Indicators of quality are an int...
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Treatment of Problem Foundations for Highway EmbankmentsJanuary 1, 1989 This synthesis will be of interest to geotechnical engineers, highway designers, construction engineers, planners, and others interested in constructing or widening highway embankments on problem foundations. Information is presented on site investigation and testing and on the various constructi...
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Use of Consultants for Construction Engineering InspectionJanuary 1, 1989 This synthesis will be of interest to construction engineers, contractors, administrators and others concerned with using consultants as a replacement for or as a supplement to agency staffing on highway construction projects. Information is presented on determining the need for consultants as we...
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Staffing Considerations in Construction Engineering ManagementJanuary 1, 1989 This synthesis will be of interest to construction engineers, contractors, administrators, and others interested in providing an adequate level of staffing on highway construction projects. Information is presented on determining the number of personnel needed, as well as the qualifications and t...
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Breaking/Cracking and Seating Concrete PavementsJanuary 1, 1989 This synthesis will be of interest to pavement designers, maintenance engineers, and others interested in reducing reflection cracking of asphalt overlays on portland cement concrete (PCC) pavement. Information is presented on the technique of breaking or cracking of the concrete pavement into sm...
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Uniformity Efforts in Oversize/Overweight PermitsJanuary 1, 1988 The purpose of this synthesis is to summarize efforts directed at achieving national uniformity in the basic elements of oversize and overweight permit functions for nondivisible loads. Key results of research efforts on this topic over the past 20 years are summarized. Also described are six sta...
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Methods of Cost-Effectiveness Analysis for Highway ProjectsJanuary 1, 1988 This synthesis presents a brief overview of the traditional economic- analysis methods that have been used in the analysis of highway engineering alternatives. Then, because the earliest work in cost- effectiveness as a structured methodology was in the Defense Department, three basic criteria co...
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Bridge Deck JointsJanuary 1, 1989 This synthesis will be of interest to bridge designers, maintenance engineers, and others concerned with designing and maintaining bridge deck joints. Information is presented on the types of deck joints used in bridges and on the design of bridges without joints. Bridges are continually moving a...
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Durability of Prestressed Concrete Highway StructuresJanuary 1, 1988 This synthesis will be of interest to bridge designers, materials engineers, maintenance engineers, and others concerned with the durability of prestressed concrete bridges. Information is presented on the factors affecting the durability of prestressed concrete. Prestressed concrete bridges requ...
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Pedestrians and Traffic Control MeasuresJanuary 1, 1988 This synthesis will be of interest to traffic engineers, safety engineers, and others concerned with pedestrian safety. Information is presented on the traffic-control measures being used by states and local agencies to enhance pedestrian safety. Approximately 15 to 20 percent of all highway fata...
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Pavement Markings: Materials and Application for Extended Service LifeJanuary 1, 1988 This synthesis will be of interest to maintenance engineers, traffic engineers, materials engineers, and others concerned with pavement- marking materials. Information is presented on the various types of traffic-marking materials being used by states to obtain extended service life. Enormous qua...
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Negotiating And Contracting For Professional Engineering ServicesJanuary 1, 1988 This synthesis will be of interest to designers, highway administrators, and others concerned with hiring consultants to prepare designs or perform construction inspection. Information is presented on the procedures and processes used by the states in negotiating and contracting for professional ...
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Protective Coatings for Bridge SteelJanuary 1, 1987 This synthesis will be of interest to bridge designers, materials engineers, maintenance engineers, and others concerned with coating systems used to protect bridge steel from corrosion. Information is presented on the causes of steel corrosion and the types of surface preparation and coatings us...
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Pavement Management PracticesJanuary 1, 1987 This synthesis will be of interest to pavement designers, maintenance engineers, and others responsible for the management of highway pavements. Information is presented on pavement management systems - the established, documented procedures used to treat all activities involved in providing and ...
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D-Cracking Of Concrete PavementsJanuary 1, 1987 This synthesis will be of interest to pavement designers, materials engineers, maintenance engineers, and others concerned with design, construction, and maintenance of portland cement concrete pavements. Information is presented on the causes of and potential means for minimizing D-cracking of c...
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Integrated Highway Information SystemsJanuary 1, 1987 This synthesis will be of interest to designers, traffic engineers, planners, and others concerned with the collection and use of highway data. Information is presented on current practices of states in correlating or linking highway-related data maintained in various types of independent compute...
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System-Wide Safety Improvements: An Approach To Safety ConsistencyJanuary 1, 1987 This synthesis will be of interest to safety engineers, highway planners, and others concerned with the procedures used by states to plan and program safety improvements. Information is presented on current practice of states in using system-wide improvements to provide safety consistency. The pr...
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Effects of Permit and Illegal Overloads on PavementJanuary 1, 1987 This synthesis will be of interest to pavement designers, highway administrators, and others concerned with pavement design, permit issuance and fees for overloaded trucks, and enforcement of truck weight laws. Information is presented on the effects that overloads have on pavements and on the me...
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Traffic Data Collection and Analysis: Methods and ProceduresJanuary 1, 1986 This synthesis will be of interest to traffic engineers, highway planners, and others concerned with the collection of traffic data for traffic engineering studies, for long-range planning, and for evaluation of traffic law enforcement. Information is presented on current practice in traffic data...
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Freezing and Thawing Resistance of High-Strength ConcreteJanuary 1, 1986 Recent developments have made a new generation of high-strength concrete a viable material for routine construction. The two principal developments are high-range water-reducing admixtures, which permit the placement of concrete of very low water-cement ratio, and silica fume, a pozzolan of extre...
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Methods for Identifying Hazardous Highway ElementsJanuary 1, 1986 A project is reported which surveyed the methods that are currently used by highway agencies to identify and treat hazardous highway elements and to determine which methods have been most successful. The synthesis specifically focuses on: (a) defining a hazardous highway element, (b) discussing m...
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Use of Fly Ash in ConcreteJanuary 1, 1986 This synthesis summarizes available information concerning the use of fly ash in hydraulic-cement concrete, and attempts to establish consensus concerning a number of applications relating to highway construction. Fly ash marketing procedures are briefly reviewed, and the amount of fly ash now be...
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Equipment for Obtaining Pavement Condition and Traffic Loading DataJanuary 1, 1986 Equipment is identified that is associated with the collection of structural capacity, surface distress, friction, roughness, and traffic loading data. Current practices costs, and maintenance requirements are presented. Advantages and disadvantages of particular types of equipment are also prese...
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Maintenance Activities Accomplished by ContractJanuary 1, 1986 Of 75 agencies surveyed for this synthesis, 71 are using contract maintenance to some extent. The activities most commonly contracted are maintenance overlays, bridge painting, bridge repairs, pavement sealing, and rest area maintenance. There was a wide range in the level of contracting. Most ag...
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Use of Weigh-in-Motion Systems for Data Collection and EnforcementJanuary 1, 1986 This report describes how weigh-in-motion (WIM) scales can be used to collect data on truck weights, what uses those data have, and the advantages and disadavantages of using WIM systems to collect the data. The history of WIM development is briefly described, and WIM data needs and uses are revi...
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Bridge Designs to Reduce and Facilitate Maintenance and RepairJanuary 1, 1985 An attempt is made to develop a body of information on bridge design concepts and details that will lead to reduced life-cycle maintenance costs and facilitate repair procedures. This includes accessibility, material selection, corrosion protection, ease of rehabilitation, and continued bridge us...
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Life-Cycle Cost Analysis of PavementsJanuary 1, 1985 This synthesis will be of interest to pavement designers, maintenance engineers, and other concerned with selection of pavement designs and pavement rehabilitation alternatives. Information is presented on how life-cycle can be used to select the alternative that is least expensive over time. (Au...
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Energy Conservation in TransportationJanuary 1, 1985 This synthesis is organized to present information on conservation measures by mode and by approach (i.e., policy, technology, operations). Distinctions are made between those measures or technologies that can be implemented now as compared to those that will be available in the future. Only limi...
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Professional Resource Management and ForecastingJanuary 1, 1985 This synthesis will be of interest to administrators, personnel managers, and others concerned with recruiting, promoting, training, and retaining engineers and other professional staff in highway agencies. Information is presented on planning for professional staff needs and on the elements of a...
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Prefabricated Bridge Elements and SystemsJanuary 1, 1985 This synthesis will be of interest to bridge designers, maintenance and construction personnel, and others concerned with the design, maintenance, and rehabilitation of bridges. Information is presented on the use of prefabricated elements that can be used to construct new bridges or rehabilitate...
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Detecting Defects and Deterioration in Highway StructuresJanuary 1, 1985 The need to detect defects and deterioration in highway structures ranges from reasons of safety to the prediction of load capacity to the information base for a bridge manangement system. The emphasis here is on test procedures that can be used in the field and guidance is given in interpreting ...
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Toll Highway FinancingJanuary 1, 1984 This synthesis will be of interest to highway financial officers, administrators, and others concerned with financing highway construction, maintenance, and operation. Information is presented on the history, recent trends and developments, and general considerations for financing a highway proje...
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Asphalt Overlay Design ProceduresJanuary 1, 1984 This synthesis will be of interest to pavement designers and others concerned with the design of asphalt concrete overlays. Information is presented on reasons for overlaying a pavement and on the vaious methods available for design of an asphalt overlay. A pavement overlay may be required becaus...
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Reducing Construction Conflicts Between Highway and UtilitiesJanuary 1, 1984 As highways are constructed, widened, and rebuilt to meet the needs of the public and as utilities are installed, maintained, and improved to meet customer demand, it is inevitable that there will be conflicts between the highway agency and the utility companies. Most of these conflicts are resol...
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Management of Traffic Signal MaintenanceJanuary 1, 1984 This synthesis will be interest to traffic engineers, maintenance engineers, and others responsible for managing the maintenance of traffic signal equipment and systems. Information is presented on the management aspects of signal maintenance including personnel, organization, costs, and control....
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Cost-Effectiveness of Hot-Dip Galvanizing for Exposed SteelJanuary 1, 1984 This synthesis will be useful to materials engineers and others interested in the use of hot-dip galvanizing for protection of exposed steel. Information is presented on the performance of hot-dip galvanizing and on economic considerations in selecting a coating for exposed steel. (Author)
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Distribution of Wheel Loads on Highway BridgesJanuary 1, 1984 The objective of this synthesis is to develop information on distribution of wheel loads on highway bridges. Live-load distribution among the various components of a floor system is one of the key elements in determining member size, strength, and serviceability of a bridge. The synthesis include...
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Maintenance Management SystemsJanuary 1, 1984 Maintenance management systems (MMS) began in the 1950s with research into management of maintenance operations in Connecticut and Iowa. The idea of applying management principles to highway maintenance gained popularity as the systems were better defined and the benefits became obvious. Maintena...
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Highway Uses of Epoxy with ConcreteJanuary 1, 1984 Many agencies have used epoxies since 1954 for various purposes such as bonding concrete, filling cracks, anchoring bolts, etc. The results of this use has varied depending primarily on its application. Reasons for its success or failure are noted. An epoxy is made by mixing a resin with a curing...
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Bridge Weight-Limit Posting PracticeJanuary 1, 1984 Highway agencies use posted weight-limits to allow continued, limited use of bridges for which the maximum legal load produces stresses in excess of specified levels. This report of the Transportation Research Board contains background information on load-limit posting practices and includes a re...
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Shallow Foundations for Highway StructuresJanuary 1, 1983 This report, which encourages consideration and greater utilization of shallow foundations for highway structures, examines current practices of transportation agencies that make significant use of shallow foundations. Procedures that are not commonly used by transportation agencies but are regar...
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Practical Guidelines for Minimizing Tort LiabilityJanuary 1, 1983 Transportation agencies are subject to increasing numbers of tort suits brought against them for improper performance and alleged deficiencies. The objectives of this synthesis are to familiarize organizations and their employees with this changing situation, make them aware of their duties and r...
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Construction Contract Claims: Causes and Methods of SettlementJanuary 1, 1983 This report identifies the main types of highway construction contract claims and describes their causes and the procedures that currently are used for settling them either through negotiated adjustments under the contract or by reference to various forms of adjudication. Procedures and practices...
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Criteria for Use of Asphalt Friction SurfacesJanuary 1, 1983 The most common types of asphalt surfaces used to upgrade frictional characteristics of pavements are seal coats, open-graded mixes, and dense-graded mixes. This report of the Transportation Research Board provides information on current engineering practices, legal and regulatory considerations,...
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Risk Assessment Processes for Hazardous Materials TransportationJanuary 1, 1983 This document seeks to provide an overview of the use of risk assessment in hazardous materials transport, including hazardous wastes. While it addresses the problem of risk assessment for use in rule making, the document focuses on the needs and means to prevent, reduce, mitigate, and respond to...
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Material Certification and Material-Certification EffectivenessJanuary 1, 1983 This synthesis will be of interest to materials engineers and others concerned with procedures for assuring the quality of materials used in the construction of highway facilities. Detailed information is presented on various types of certification plans and on the characteristics that determine ...
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Managing State Highway FinanceJanuary 1, 1982 Increased costs for building, repairing and maintaining highways combined with norman deterioration and a decrease in anticipated revenues have placed the transportation system of the United States in jeopardy. The condition of highway pavements in particular has rapidly declined during the past ...
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Resurfacing with Portland Cement ConcreteJanuary 1, 1982 "This synthesis is concerned with the resurfacing of existing portland cement concrete (rigid) and bituminous cement concrete (flexible) pavements with portland cement concrete (hereinafter referred to as "" concrete""). Concrete resurfacings have been used for one or more of the following purpos...
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Resealing Joints and Cracks in Rigid and Flexible PavementsJanuary 1, 1982 "The purpose of this synthesis is: 1. To identify the various materials and techniques used to reseal joints and cracks in rigid pavements and cracks in flexible pavements; 2. To determine the costs associated with the use of these materials and techniques; 3. To determine changes in pavement per...
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Transit Ownership/Operation Options for Small Urban and Rural AreasJanuary 1, 1982 "An important choice facing transit decision makers in small urban and rural areas is the type of arrangement to be used for ownership and operation of the system. This report of the Transportation Research Board reviews the choices generally available and evaluates the advantages and disadvantag...
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Pavement Subsurface Drainage SystemsJanuary 1, 1982 This report reviews the basic principles and concepts of hydraulic flow that need to be considered in the design, construction, and maintenance of pavements. The need for drainage is noted and the sources and movement of water in the pavement are described. The analysis of basic information on hi...
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Statewide Transportation PlanningJanuary 1, 1982 "A new framework for managing statewide transportation planning is suggested here. The framework consists of two parts: technical (or substantive) and management. The framework recognizes that the day-to- day work of policy planning, communication, programming, and monitoring is a form of plannin...
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PhotologgingJanuary 1, 1982 "Equipment and techniques used in photologging (taking photographs of a highway and its environment and, at the same time, recording specific data about the highway) are described. Photologging is used in highway safety studies, studies of traffic control devices, legal studies, and in studies fo...
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Coordination of Transportation System Management and Land Use ManagementJanuary 1, 1982 "This report reviews current practice in coordinating transportation system management (TSM) and land use management (LUM), with emphasis on the ""operating environment"" level as opposed to individual projects. A review of relevant literature was supplemented with interviews with those involved ...
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Minimizing Reflection Cracking of Pavement OverlaysJanuary 1, 1982 "Reflection cracks are fractures in a pavement overlay that are the result of, and reflect, the crack of joint pattern in the underlying layer. Reflections cracks can cause early deterioration of an overlay, thereby increasing maintenance costs and decreasing the useful life of the overlay. Metho...
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Highway Accident Analysis SystemsJanuary 1, 1982 "There is a pressing need among state and local highway agencies to develop better highway accident analysis systems. This report is intended to expand on NCHRP Synthesis 21, which is a detailed summary of the types and uses of highway location reference methods. The total highway accident analys...
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New-Product Evaluation ProceduresJanuary 1, 1982 "The construction, maintenance and operation of highways and other transportation facilities require the use of great numbers of manufactured products, large quantities of materials and frequent application of specialized processes. Many new products are proposed for use to highway and transporta...
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Geotechnical Instrumentation for Monitoring Field PerformanceJanuary 1, 1982 "Geotechnical instrumentation for monitoring field performance rather than for investigating and determining in situ properties for design is examined in this synthesis. Field performance monitoring commonly includes measurement of pore pressure, earth pressure, deformation, load, and strain. Thi...
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Underwater Inspection and Repair of Bridge SubstructuresJanuary 1, 1981 "This synthesis is intended to be of use to bridge maintenance engineers and others concerned with the inspection and repair of bridge elements below the waterline. Problems with substructures are identified, and procedures, equipment, and techniques currently used for underwater inspection are e...
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Highway Noise BarriersJanuary 1, 1981 This summary of progress on highway noise barriers gives quantitative and qualitative perspectives of the design, construction, maintenance, and impacts of the barriers that have been built to mitigate excessive highway noise. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) design noise levels are the ...
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Effects of Traffic-Induced Vibrations on Bridge Deck RepairsJanuary 1, 1981 As the number of bridges requiring rehabilitation increases, engineers are faced more frequently with the decision on whether to close a bridge to traffic while repairs are carried out. Most agencies maintain traffic on a deck during construction of a concrete overlay or widening, although severa...
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Energy Involved in Construction Materials and ProceduresJanuary 1, 1981 This report reviews various published energy requirements for highway construction and maintenance, including the energy requirements for processing the materials and the fuel used in hauling and for construction equipment. The emphasis here is that decisions concerning the use of alternative typ...
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Evaluation Criteria and Priority Setting for State Highway ProgramsJanuary 1, 1981 "The purpose of this synthesis is to report on how state departments of highways and transportation currently make decisions on the allocation of available funds to highway programs and projects. There are four factors which must be used in combination to satisfy the need to distribute limited fu...
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Bus Transit Accessibility for the Handicapped in Urban AreasJanuary 1, 1981 Many transit systems provide accessible, fixed-route service for handicapped people, which means that buses on regular routes are equipped with lifts that enable a person in a wheelchair to board the bus. This synthesis is intended to assist transit systems in implementing such services in confor...
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Criteria for Evaluation of Truck Weight Enforcement ProgramsJanuary 1, 1981 "The purpose of a truck weighing program is to enforce legal load limits and thus prevent trucks from damaging highways and bridges. Essential to truck weight enforcement is the effective combination and deployment of the various types of scales (permanent, portable and semiportable). Each state ...
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Experiences in Transportation System ManagementJanuary 1, 1981 "This report summarizes experiences with more than 150 Transportation System Management (TSM) actions and provides guidelines within the context of nine operating environments, namely, freeway corridor, arterial corridor, central business district, regional operating environment, neighborhood, ma...
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Formulating and Justifying Highway Maintenance BudgetsJanuary 1, 1981 "There are three basic types of highway maintenance budgets in general use: line-item, lump-sum and program/performance. Line-item maintenance budgets are established on the basis of money instead of work to be accomplished. Lump-sum budget funds are appropriated in one lump-sum for maintenance p...
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Contract Time DeterminationJanuary 1, 1981 "Transportation agencies must set reasonable times for completion of construction projects. Factors to be considered in determining contract time include materials, equipment, manpower, cost, and constraints such as weather, regulations, traffic, utilities, and user convenience. This report of th...
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Value Engineering in Preconstruction and ConstructionJanuary 1, 1981 "The results of value engineering (VE) applications to preconstruction and construction operations in eight states and the experiences of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers are reviewed. The results indicate that the application of VE concepts, principles and techniques is effective enough to warra...
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Evaluation of Pavement Maintenance StrategiesJanuary 1, 1981 NCHRP Highway Synthesis Report 77 - Performance of a pavement is greatly affected by the type, timeliness and quality of maintenance it receives. Regular maintenance can slow the rate at which a pavement deteriorates from traffic loads and climatic conditions. Nationally, pavements are deteriorat...
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Collection and Use of Pavement Condition DataJanuary 1, 1981 "Pavement condition data are collected and used to establish maintenance and rehabilitation priorities, to select maintenance and rehabilitation strategies, and to project pavement performance. The pavement condition data is grouped as follows: roughness (ride), surface distress, structural evalu...
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Transit Boards-Composition, Roles, and ProceduresJanuary 1, 1981 This Synthesis presents current practices relating to the composition and role of transit boards and suggests features of organization and interrelationships that may affect the activities of the board. These features include the intergovernmental relationships of the transit authorities (as spec...
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State Transit-Management Assistance to Local CommunitiesJanuary 1, 1980 Because communities were unable to take advantage of federal financial aid for transit, states provided part or all of the matching funds required to obtain federal aid. Some states, in addition, also aided local communities. Another major problem is the lack of skilled management staff. Many sta...
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Alternative Work Schedules: Impacts on TransportationJanuary 1, 1980 "This synthesis presents information on implementation of staggered and flexible work hours and compressed workweeks and on the impacts of such measures on highways, transit systems, and ride-sharing programs. Alternative work schedules can be used to manage transportation demand by shifting comm...
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Transportation Needs Study and Financial ConstraintsJanuary 1, 1980 "High inflation rates have caused costs for contruction, maintenance, and operation of transportation facilities to increase more rapidly than revenues. To operate within available funding limits, many states have been forced to reduce the magnitude of programs and levels of service. This report ...
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Direction Finding from Arterials to DestinationsJanuary 1, 1980 "Highway agencies have developed various procedures to assist motorists in finding the way from arterial highways to destinations in unfamiliar areas. This report of the Transportation Research Board documents the range of technical, legal, political, social, and environmental factors affecting t...
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Design of Sedimentation BasinsJanuary 1, 1980 "Sedimentation basins are useful for minimizing the effects of highway construction runoff on the environment and are often used in conjunction with other sediment-control practices. A sedimentation basin protects streams, lakes, recreation areas, and other areas that cannot tolerate sediment dep...
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Motor Vehicle Size and Weight Regulations, Enforcement, and Permit OperationsJanuary 1, 1980 "Many of the problems associated with enforcing oversize and overweight limits derive from the confusing variety of requirements--for applications, fees, issuance, signs, flags, escorts, actual limits, fines--from state to state and within states. This lack of uniformity sometimes leads truckers ...
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Bridge Drainage SystemsJanuary 1, 1980 "Design principles and procedures and maintenance practices for bridge drainage systems are evaluated in this report, which also includes recommendations for improvements on current practice. Bridges should have adequate cross-slope and grade to allow the water to run quickly into drains. Where g...
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Glare Screen GuidelinesJanuary 1, 1979 "This synthesis will be of interest to design engineers and others seeking information on the use of glare screen to shield drivers' eyes from the headlights of oncoming vehicles. Information is presented on various types of glare screen and the parameters involved in their design. Glare can be a...
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Quality AssuranceJanuary 1, 1979 "This synthesis will be of special interest and usefulness to construction engineers, materials technologists, and others concerned with control and assurance of quality in highway construction. Detailed information is presented on quality assurance philosophies, programs, practices, and procedur...
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Bituminous Patching MixturesJanuary 1, 1979 "Bituminous patching mixtures are combinations of bituminous binders and aggregates that have special characteristics needed for filling holes in pavements. The different types of patching mixtures can be placed in one of three groups: hot-mixed, hot-laid; hot-mixed, cold-laid; and cold-mixed, co...
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Design and Use of Highway ShouldersJanuary 1, 1979 "Data for this synthesis was acquired from a questionnaire received from forty-three states in 1977. It was divided into sections on policy and procedures, design, and operations. In the area of policy and procedures, the predominant criterion used by the states to select the shoulder type, thick...
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State Resources for Financing Transportation ProgramsJanuary 1, 1979 "In recent years, the states have faced a crisis in the provision of transportation facilities and services. Some of the reasons for this crisis are: A revenue base that is not responsive to inflation; A relative slowdown in motor fuel consumption, the principal present source of revenue; Soaring...
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Changeable Message SignsJanuary 1, 1979 "Changeable message signs are being used increasingly to reduce congestion and prevent accidents in both rural and urban locations. Because of the rapid development of improved technology, there is a need for up-to-date information on the characteristics, applications, and effectiveness of change...
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Failure and Repair of Continuously Reinforced Concrete PavementJanuary 1, 1979 "The performance of CRCP has revealed a number of failure modes that are traceable to design, construction, materials, and maintenance deficiencies and such other factors as environemntal conditions and traffic loadings. This report of the Transportation Research Board includes a review of the cu...
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Relationship of Asphalt Cement Properties to Pavement DurabilityJanuary 1, 1979 "In recent years, apparent changes have evolved in the physical properties of asphalt cements used in pavement construction. Some of these properties are not controlled or are controlled only partially by AASHTO specifications. This report of the Transportation Research Board reviews all availabl...
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Consequences of Deferred MaintenanceJanuary 1, 1979 "Expenditures for maintenance are not keeping pace with the needs of the nations highways. Desirable maintenance activity is not being carried out, and the backlog of work needed to restore the facility to good condition is growing. Difficult judgments must be made in deciding to defer maintenanc...
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Joint-Related Distress in PCC Pavement: Cause, Prevention, and RehabilitationJanuary 1, 1979 A significant amount of scarce highway maintenance funding is expended each year on rehabilitation of transverse joints in portland cement concrete pavement. This report of the Transportation Research Board reviews the causes of distress and ways in which join problems might be prevented. Rehabil...
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Storage and Retrieval Systems for Highway and Transportation DataJanuary 1, 1978 The increasing complexity of operating highway and transportation departments has caused many agencies develop comprehensive computer systems for storage and retrieval of data. This report of the Transportation Research Board reviews and evaluates what has been accomplished to data and includes r...
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